The Impact of Television Debates in Persuasion

The media have a significant impact on the process of changing attitudes (Persuasion). This research measures the impact of political television debates on the audience of Kosovo. The first phase includes the identification and monitoring of the most-watched political debates on the most influential televisions in Kosovo such as: RTK1, KTV, RTV21 and Klan Kosova. The second phase involves the survey of 100 respondents of different ages and places, thus ensuring diversity in age and residence. Data collection and analysis is done through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The outcomes did not support the first hypothesis that \u27TV debates will affect persuasion for all ages and both genders\u27, while in measuring two other hypotheses the results are significant, so we can conclude that\u27 Moderators and guests are not credible, therefore, television debates do not affect persuasion \u27and\u27 Television debates affect the change of impression but not persuasion

Effective root canal disinfection is a fundamental component of successful root canal treatment

The complex anatomy of the root canal system makes it impossible to completely remove microorganisms from the root canal even when using conventional contemporary methods of mechanical treatment of the canal. In this study we tested the photodynamic disinfection of root canal infected with Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) at different time intervals in comparison to sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) irrigation and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). Methods: Seventy eight extracted single-rooted teeth were collected, sterilized, and incubated with Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212). The group was divided into 6 groups depending on the treatment mode; HELBO®Endo Blue photosensitizer dye application followed by HELBO laser irradiation, with the output power 100 mW and emission of 660 nm, for a 1, 3 and 5 minutes, irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl, 10 second PUI with 2.5% NaOCl and control group. Flow cytometry and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis were used to determine the effectiveness of the different disinfecting methods. Results: The ANOVA test showed a significant statistical difference between disinfecting methods (p Conclusions: PUI + NaOCl 2.5% is the most effective method for disinfection of infected root canals with E. faecalis, compared to other applied disinfection methods. SEM analysis only confirmed the results. Photodynamic therapy lasting 5 minutes has been more effective in destroying cells of Enterococcus faecalis, therefore longer times of photodynamic therapy were recommended